CleanHands UV Sanitizer CleanHands UV Sanitizer
CleanFuel Natural Protein Powder CleanFuel Natural Protein Powder LiftEase Posture Corrector LiftEase Posture Corrector
Shop NowFlexRun Running Shoes FlexRun Running Shoes SkinHydrate Moisturizer SkinHydrate Moisturizer
Billy always listens to his mother. He always does what she says. If his mother says, “Brush your teeth” , Billy brushes his teeth. If his mother says, “Go to bed”, Billy goes to bed. Billy is a very good boy. A good boy listens to his mother. His mother doesn’t have to ask him again. She asks him to do something one time, and she doesn’t ask again. Billy is a good boy. He does what his mother asks the first time. She doesn’t have to ask again. She tells Billy, “You are my best child.” Of course Billy is her best child. Billy is her only child.
Billy always listens to his mother. He always does what she says. If his mother says, “Brush your teeth” , Billy brushes his teeth. If his mother says, “Go to bed”, Billy goes to bed. Billy is a very good boy. A good boy listens to his mother. His mother doesn’t have to ask him again. She asks him to do something one time, and she doesn’t ask again. Billy is a good boy. He does what his mother asks the first time. She doesn’t have to ask again. She tells Billy, “You are my best child.” Of course Billy is her best child. Billy is her only child.
Introduction
Nearly 7% of the world population is obese1 and about 66% of the adults in the United States are overweight or obese.2 Obesity is associated with a number of adverse medical conditions including increased risk of gallbladder disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease (CHD), osteoarthritis, cancer death and reduced life expectancy.3–8 Obesity is also associated with adverse social and psychological consequences, including bias, discrimination and decreased quality of life.9,10
More effective treatment strategies are urgently needed for obesity management. The total caloric intake or energy density of one’s diet appears to be associated with obesity11–14 and a diet that induces a negative energy balance continues to be an important part of obesity management. Strategies to achieve the difficult task of eating less than desired include reduction of the energy density of foods by increasing food volume by the addition of fluids,15,16 bulk17–19 or their combination;20 or by increasing satiety by various anorectic drugs or macronutrient combinations of high satiety value.
Satiety is positively associated with the protein, fiber and water content of foods and negatively with fat and palatability ratings.21,22 However, within food groups, there may be as much as a twofold difference in satiety values, suggesting that certain foods promote greater satiety independent of macronutrient content or energy density. An egg is an example of such a food that has a 50% greater satiety index compared to white bread or ready-to-eat breakfast cereal.21 Compared to an isocaloric bagel breakfast of equal weight, an egg breakfast had a greater satiating effect, which translated into a lower caloric intake at lunch.23 The resulting decrease in energy consumption lasted for at least 24 h after the egg breakfast.
This study was undertaken to exploit the short-term satiating benefits of an egg breakfast23 for weight loss in a longer-term trial. The objectives were to determine if the incorporation of an egg breakfast in the diet by overweight or obese subjects would (1) induce reduced energy intake and unintentional weight loss, even when not attempting weight reduction; or (2) enhance weight loss when following a reduced energy diet. We compared the effects of an egg vs isocaloric bagel breakfast of equal weight on weight loss, indices of body size and composition, dietary compliance, food cravings and health-specific quality of life.Materials and methods
The study was approved by the institutional review boards at Pennington Biomedical Research Center and at Saint Louis University. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants. We certify that all applicable institutional and governmental regulations regarding the ethical use of human volunteers were followed during this research.
Participants
Of the 160 participants enrolled, 8 did not complete the trial. The final study sample included 152 participants (131 women and 21 men; mean age 45.0±9.4 years; black participants 47.7% and white participants 52.3%). Demographic characteristics of the participants are provided inTable 1
Featured Products
![SmartLock Door Security SmartLock Door Security](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/91WXnGm5sUL._AC_UY218_.jpg)
LifeCleanse Juice Cleanse LifeCleanse Juice Cleanse
LifeBoost Coffee LifeBoost Coffee PerfectPlank Exercise Board PerfectPlank Exercise Board AquaPlay Water Toys AquaPlay Water Toys
View Product![HealthMate Infrared Sauna HealthMate Infrared Sauna](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/51TtBX-vHtL._AC_UY218_.jpg)
ToneTight Resistance Bands Set ToneTight Resistance Bands Set
SkinGlow Serum SkinGlow Serum GoodMood Supplements GoodMood Supplements
View Product![GoodMood Supplements GoodMood Supplements](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/91WcAaQPRhL._AC_UY218_.jpg)
SkinFix Face Mask SkinFix Face Mask
AutoDrive Dash Cam AutoDrive Dash Cam AquaFresh Water Bottle AquaFresh Water BottleMuscleMax Massage Gun MuscleMax Massage Gun
View Product